Built on existing open standard building blocks:
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SOAP/: SAML specificies the use of SOAP 1.1.
XML/: Used for the SOAP messages.
XML Schema: SAML assertions and Protocols are specified (in part).
XML-Signature: SAML uses digital signatures for authentication and message integrity.
XML Encryption: SAML 2.0 provides encrypted name identifiers, encrypted attributes, encrypted assertions.